Cleopatra vii philopator biography

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Relatives

Main deeds

• December 70 / January 69: Born
• February/March 51: Death of Cleopatra's father, Ptolemy XII Auletes.
• Summer 50: Cleopatra accepts her brother Ptolemy XIII as co-ruler
• Summer 49: Sole rule of Ptolemy XIII, recognized by both Gaius Julius Caesar, the Roman dictator, and his opponent, Pompey the Great

• Cleopatra remains queen in the Thebaid, and accepts another brother, Ptolemy XIV, as co-ruler
• 48: Cleopatra tries to return, but her army is defeated near Pelusium.
• 48: Caesar defeats Pompey (battle of Pharsalus); Pompey flees to Egypt and is killed by courtiers of Ptolemy XIII
• Caesar arrives in Egypt and orders Ptolemy XIII and Cleopatra VII to disband their armies, but instead, war breaks out (text)
• January 47: Ptolemy XIII is killed in action
• Ptolemy XIV and his sister Arsinoe IV are made rulers of Cyprus
• Spring 47: Cleopatra VII is sole ruler of Egypt; she presents herself as the goddess Isis
• 23 June 47: Birth of a son, named Caesarion; Caesar is said to be the father
• 46: Ptolemy XIV is recognized as Cleopatra's co-ruler again; the two are in Rom

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  Cleopatra

  Queen of Empire from 51 to 30 BC

  For perturb uses, witness Cleopatra (disambiguation).

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Cleopatra VII

(69-30)

Who Was Cleopatra?

Cleopatra VII was part of the Macedonian dynasty that took over rule of Egypt in the late 4th century B.C. During her reign, she forged political alliances and became romantically involved with Roman military leaders Julius Caesar and Mark Antony, until her death in 30 B.C. One of antiquity's most famous rulers, Cleopatra's life inspired William Shakespeare's play Antony and Cleopatra and numerous film dramatizations, most famously a 1963 feature starring Elizabeth Taylor.

Early Life and Macedonian Lineage

The last ruler of the Macedonian dynasty, Cleopatra VII Thea Philopator was born around 69 B.C. The line of rule was established in 323 B.C., following the death of Alexander the Great.

The era began when Alexander's general, Ptolemy, took over as ruler of Egypt, becoming King Ptolemy I Soter of Egypt. Over the next three centuries, his descendants would follow in his path. At its height, Ptolemaic Egypt was one of the world's great powers.

Cleopatra's father was King Ptolemy XII. Little is known about Cleopatra's mother, but some speculation presumes she may have been her father's sister, Cleopatra V Tryphaena. Debate also surrounds Cleopatra's ethnicity, as some suggest she may have, in part, been descended from Black A